There are a couple of thousand plant species found in Cyprus, many of which have been imported. There are hundreds of plant species that are indigenous, including about 130 endemics, and about 50 orchid species. Of particular interest to the naturalist in terms of plant biodiversity is Troodos forest, Paphos forest, Akamas peninsula and Pentadactylos.

Cyprus is an important stopover during birds migration in spring and autumn between Europe and Africa. More than 360 species have been recorded on the island, while a number of bird species (such as flamingos) use it as a winter refuge. Of particular importance are the Treaty of Ramsar salt lakes of Larnaca and Akrotiri.

Cyprus has a few streams running year round. In summer they make for cool green pristine spots in complete antithesis to the dry Cyprus summer climate and the congested coastline. Explore the secret green Cyprus.